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Menander of Ephesus (; fl. c. early 2nd century BC) was the historian whose lost work on the history of Tyre was used by Josephus, who quotes Menander's list of kings of Tyre in his apologia for the Jews, ''Against Apion'' (1.18). "This Menander wrote the Acts that were done both by the Greeks and Barbarians, under every one of the Tyrian kings, and had taken much pains to learn their history out of their own records." All records having been lost, this second-hand report is the basis for the traditional king-list. Menander, living in a city with a considerable population of Hellenized Jews,〔(''Jewish Encyclopedia'': "Ephesus" ).〕 also seems to have written on the history of the Jews, often cited by Josephus. ==Sources== The only extant sources for the writing of Menander are citations of his work found in Josephus’s two works ''Antiquities of the Jews'' and ''Against Apion'', or in extracts from Josephus's works found in later writers. These later writers were Theophilus of Antioch, Eusebius of Caesarea, and George Syncellus. William Barnes〔William H. Barnes, ''Studies in the Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel'' (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press, 1991) 40.〕 lists the following sources that scholars use to reconstruct the text of Menander: *''Codex Laurentianus'', 10th or 11th centuries AD, has the earliest Greek manuscript for ''Against Apion'', but Barnes (p. 70) says it is "faulty in many respects." *There is an Old Latin version of Josephus's citations of Menander in the writings of Cassiodorus. *Menander's list of kings from Abibaal, father of Hiram I, to Pygmalion, as taken from ''Against Apion'' 1.18, is found in the "To Autolycus" of Theophilus of Antioch. *All Greek manuscripts of Eusebius's ''Chronography'' have been lost, but an Armenian translation has virtually the entire text. *Fragments of Eusebius's ''Chronography'' are found in later Greek writers. *Greek excerpts from the ''Chronography'' are found in Syncellus. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Menander of Ephesus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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